Clinicians should be trained on emerging substance use and body image-related behaviours among young people, increasing confidence to recognise indicators of peptide use, initiate non-judgemental conversations, and communicate uncertainty around safety and effects, they wrote
DSIP promotes higher sleep efficiency, reduces stress by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and helps stabilize neurotransmitter activity
Side effects vary from person to person and depend on many factors, including dosage, treatment duration, overall health, and individual sensitivity
For this mechanism, HSP70s recruit different co-chaperones for specific activities: e.g., in mammals, HSP40 is involved in folding, and HSP40/HSP110 are involved in refolding (Mauthe et al., 2025a